Course Description:

This course, aims to be an informal and practical introduction to oral histology Members of the dental profession. Fulfilled and accurate histological study of the cells that comprise oral structures and tissues and their individual and collective functions. The clinical considerations will also be studied through this course. This course will review the basic cellular composition of the teeth, the components of the periodontal apparatus, the varied components of the oral mucosa, and the histology and function of the salivary glands. The cellular composition as it relates to structure, physiology, oral health, and clinical significance will be discussed.

Learning Outcomes:

•  The Amelogenesis  , stages of enamel formation  and  life cycle of ameloblast starting from differentiation stage.
• The microscopic structure of the pre ameloblast (organelles) and the polarization stage, induction stage, secretory stage and secretion of enamel matrix.
• A prismatic enamel formation,  detailed Tome’s process content tell the maturation stage and selective removals.
•  Maturative  stage and  direction of enamel maturation  tell the protective stage  and  reduced dental epithelium formation
• The Cementum , physical properties  including  color, thickness and permeability  then detailed chemical composition  and structure
• A cellular cementum ,Sharpey’s fibers (spaces) ,cementoid (cementoblast), cementocytes  &osteocytes  then the incremental lines of  salter and cemento -enamel and cemento-dentinal  junctions.
• A fibrillar cementum ,then the  functions of cementum  and Cementogenesis
• Hypercementosis types’
• The Enamel  and its  physical  properties
• Enamel Hardness ,brittleness  and permeability
• Chemical properties  of enamel ,Enamel prism  and learn about the ground or decalcified sections
•  All about the enamel rod
• Prismatic enamel  and cross striations
• Key Hole system of the enamel rods ,crystals’ arrangement and Hunter-schreger band
• Diazone  & parazone of enamel ,Incremental lines of enamel, Inc. lines of retzius
• Neonatal line  and Dentino-enamel junction
• Enamel Lamellae  , Enamel Tufts and  En. Spindle
• Enamel surface structure ,outer rodless enamel , enamel rod end , Perikymata  enamel crack , pellicle and dental plaque
• Age changes of Enamel
•  Clinical consecrations of enamel
• Detailed Eruption ,starting from deciduous tooth eruption (pre eruptive phase )
• types of movement of teeth
• Histological changes , intra & extra osseous eruption
• Ankylosis , signs and symptoms of eruption  answer the question , why no bleeding during eruption ?/
• The post eruptive stage
• All about the Permanent  Teeth eruption
• What about the gubernacular  canals
• All about Theories of eruption
• Maxillary sinus dimensions, volume , development  and  pneumatization of maxillary sinus .
• Drainage , teeth related to max. Sinus  and Lining of max. sinus
• Secretions of max. sinus Max. Sinus function and  clinical considerations
•  The Oro-antral communication
• Oral mucous membrane , Function, parts  and classification
• Structure  of O.MM, keratinocytes , keratinized mucosa ,Basal cell Layer (stratum Basale)
• Desmosomes ,Hemi Desmosome ,Spinous cell layer ,Odland body , keratohyalin granules and tonofilament
•  Stratum cornium ,ortho and para keratinized ,Non keratinized epithelium (comparison) and  stratum superficial